Liskov Substitution Principle

An operation on a base class must operate on a derrived class without explict knowledge of the type.

package lsp;
 
/**
 * use polymorphism and delegation to obey LSP
 */
public class Lsp {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new Lsp() ;
		}
	public Lsp() {
		Cat pet1 = new Cat() ;
		Dog pet2 = new Dog() ;
		Pet pets[] = { pet1, pet2 } ; 
 
		// avoid using instanceof or getClass().getName()
		for( int i=0 ; i<pets.length ; i++ ) {
			if (pets[i] instanceof Cat) {
				System.out.println( pets[i].getClass().getName()+" goes "+ ((Cat) pets[i]).meow() ) ;
				}
			else if (pets[i] instanceof Dog) {
				System.out.println( pets[i].getClass().getName()+" goes " + ((Dog) pets[i]).woof() ) ;
				}
			}
 
    // uses polymorphism but 
    // still ties this code to implemention of Pet
		for( int i=0 ; i<pets.length ; i++ ) {
			System.out.println( pets[i].getClass().getName()+" goes "+pets[i].getIdeophone() ) ;
			}
 
    // Use delegation to acheive LSP 
    // make code flexible and resusable.
		for( int i=0 ; i<pets.length ; i++ ) {
			pets[i].ideophone( System.out ) ;
			}
		}
 
  public abstract class Pet {
    // brittle interface
    public abstract String getIdeophone() ;
    // robust interface
    public abstract void ideophone( java.io.PrintStream printStream ) ;
  }
 
  public final class Dog extends Pet {
    // brittle interface
    public String getIdeophone() {
      return woof() ;
    }
    private String woof() {
      return "woof" ;
    }
 
    // robust interface
    public void ideophone( java.io.PrintStream printStream ) {
      woof( printStream ) ;
    }
    private void woof(java.io.PrintStream printStream) {
      printStream.println( this.getClass().getName()+" goes woof" ) ;
    }
 
  }
 
  public final class Cat extends Pet {
    // brittle interface
    public String getIdeophone() {
      return meow() ;
    }
    private String meow() {
      return "meow" ;
    }
 
    // robust interface
    public void ideophone( java.io.PrintStream printStream ) {
      meow( printStream ) ;
    }
    private void meow(java.io.PrintStream printStream) {
      printStream.println( this.getClass().getName()+" goes meow" ) ;
    }
  }
}

http://www.objectmentor.com/resources/articles/lsp.pdf